Bahmani and Vijayanagara Kingdoms

Bahmani  Kingdom

• The decline of the Sulthanate of Delhi gave birth to two mighty states in South India the Bahmani Kingdom of Gulbaraga and the Vijayanagara Empire.

• The Bahmanis were Muslim rulers,while the rulers of the Vijayanagar were Hindus.

• The Bahmani kingdom was founded by Zafar Khan (Hassan) who took the title of Alauddin Bahman Shah. He selected Gulbaraga as its capital and renamed it Ahsanabad.

• There were total eighteen Sulthans and they ruled from 1347 to 1527.

• Muhammed Gawan was the famous minister of Bahmini kingdom.

• The last prince of the Bahmani Kingdom was Kalimullah.

• By 1527, the Bahmani kingdom was split up into five independent principalities.

• The Adil Shahis of Bijapur -founder – Yusuf Adilshah (1489 - 90)

• The Nizam Shahis of Ahamadnagar - founder - Malik Ahmad (1499)

• The Imadshahis of Berar - founder -Fateh Ulla Imadshanti (1490)

• The Qutubshahi kingdom of Golconda – founder - Qutabshah (1512)

• The Baridshahis of Bidar - founder - Amir Ali Barid (1527).

• Muhammad Adil Shah built Gol Gumbaz, a tomb with world's second largest Dome at Bijjapur

• Muhammad  shah built the city ofHyderabad (Bhagyanagar)

• Berar stayed out of the Battle ofTalikotta

Vijaya Nagara Empire

• The founders of Vijaya Nagar Empire were Harihara and Bukka Rai, the revenue officers of the Kakatiya ruler Pratap Rudra Deva II of Warrangal.

• They founded the dynasty in 1336 with the capital as Vijaya Nagara on the banks of Tungbhadra river with the help of Saint Vidyaranya.

• Vijayanagara kingdom lasted for 230 years and produced four dynasties.

• Sangama (1336 - 1485)

• Saluva - (1485 - 1505)

• Tuluva (1505 - 1565) and

• Aravidu (1565 - 1672)

• Krishna Deva Raya (1509 - 1529) belonged to the Tuluva dynasty. The Italian traveller Nicolocont visited his court.

• Krishnadeva Rayar is known as 'Andhra Bhoja' He wroteUshaparinayam and Amuktamalyada

• Allasani Peddanna, a Telugu poet was a courtier of Krishna Deva Raya. He is considered as the ''Andra Kavita Pitamaha'' the Grand Father of Telugu poetry.

• 'Ashtadiggajas' was the famous Scholastic Assembly in the court of Krishna Deva Raya.

Vijayanagar Empire was visited by many foreign travellers:-

• Nicolo Conti - Venitian traveller, visited during the reign of Devaraya I.

• Abdur Razzak : Ambassador of Sulthan ShahRukh to the court of Devaraya II.

• Damingos Paes : He visited Krishna Devaraya's court.

• Ferona Nuniz : A Portuguese who visited during Achyuta Raya's reign.

• Durate Barbosa : A portuguese who visited Krishnadeva Raya's court.

• Athenasius Nikitin (1415) : He was a Russian, who visited during Deva Raya I's period He wrote, 'Voyage to India'.

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